tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-43036684070650834372024-03-13T05:14:40.465+02:00Stories of a learning teacherUnknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger43125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4303668407065083437.post-46387259229374793012015-02-11T14:15:00.001+02:002015-02-11T14:15:51.004+02:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4303668407065083437.post-9754085644516066002013-01-20T07:31:00.000+02:002013-01-20T07:31:08.509+02:00Closure<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<table style="background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; color: #222222; font-family: arial; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18.1875px;"><tbody>
<tr><th class="item-key" style="color: #666666; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 5px 0px 0px; padding: 10px 0px; width: 105px;"></th><td style="margin: 0px; padding: 0.2em 0px 0px;">This blog was an attempt to log my experiences in Syria and Palestine both as a language learner and teacher. My apologies for the formatting fails, I was still getting to grips with the format here on blogger. This is now a 'dead' blog but feel free to search through it and read my experiences. I still get notifications of comments, so will respond in due course.</td></tr>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4303668407065083437.post-2927378554728774682012-07-03T16:35:00.002+03:002012-07-03T16:35:46.465+03:00What I am doing....<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
So, I'm back and sat down in Hastings trying to get on with my MA dissertation.<br />
Here's a <a href="http://www.spiderscribe.net/app/?b0be582fd5b7cb81afe1e2735c503ad5">mind map</a> showing, approximately, where I think I am going, currently.<br />
I am gonna write some more about being in the Arab Spring/summer/autumn/winter/spring/summer soon, was a pretty odd time. </div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4303668407065083437.post-21966722682284847132012-05-25T17:07:00.000+03:002012-05-25T17:10:40.295+03:00Storyteller@weekends<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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The other day i posted one of these shots on facebook. Hundreds (not literally) of people liked it. I am sure that if I had put up some pictures of the workshops i do with teachers there would have been less likes :)</div>
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There's something intrinsically wonderful about reading stories to kids in a red tent. These kids, from Ramallah schools, were really lovely, well behaved and great listeners (as you can see below). About 200 kids turned up to listen to 3 stories read by a number of tellers. The stories were told in fairly quick succession with a little pre & post story work. Then, the kids went off to do an hour's worth of activities which linked to the stories. My story 'Our House' linked to an activity where kids decorated a house.</div>
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It was another great event (three of four for this year), I love them, and I will retain a very strong positive memory of times in my wonderful red tent! The photos are from the first and second of six tellings I did on that day. Each time my confidence grew, and I experimented more. In the last one we all sat around the outside of the mats, together making Our House.</div>
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<br /></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4303668407065083437.post-21668879337662517082012-05-18T18:55:00.000+03:002012-05-18T20:54:39.899+03:00Holliday, A. Foster, A. Unger, J, Molinari, J. Russell, E. (2012) Inter Culturality Ideology, Critical Discourse, EAP, Prezi and a BBQ in Palestine<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<br /></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4303668407065083437.post-8655559553462645962012-05-15T20:57:00.001+03:002012-05-15T20:57:14.791+03:00Silence Amplifies<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
...</div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4303668407065083437.post-15151178077445861582012-04-18T16:01:00.012+03:002012-04-18T17:39:48.687+03:00Second pick of the cherries: impact, brains and furnished imaginations<a href="http://www.jempsons.com/images/cherries1.jpg" style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; "><img style="float:right; margin:0 0 10px 10px;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 412px; height: 371px;" src="http://www.jempsons.com/images/cherries1.jpg" border="0" alt="" /></a><br /><br /><br /><p style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; "><br /></p><p style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; "><br /></p><p style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; "><br /></p><p style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; "><br /></p><p style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; "><br /></p><p style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; "><br /></p><p style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; "><br /></p><p style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; "><br /></p><p style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span>Second batch of cherries (brought to in association with<a href="http://www.rentacherrytree.co.uk/"> rent a cherry tree</a> / Dal's cherry farm...)</span></p> <p style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; "><br /></p><p align="LEFT" style="font-weight: normal; "> <span ><span><span >I just stumbled across some straight to laptop notes from IATEFL. Just three more cherries and then I am done with this IATEFL reflecting / retelling / rehashing / rememberinglark:</span></span></span></p> <p align="LEFT" style="font-weight: normal; font-family: Georgia, serif; "><b style="font-size: 100%; "><br /></b></p><p align="LEFT" style="font-weight: normal; font-family: Georgia, serif; "><b style="font-size: 100%; ">Simon Borg: The impact of teacher education on in-service teachers’ beliefs</b></p><p style="font-weight: normal; font-family: Georgia, serif; margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span><span><span lang="en-US">This session raised and answered some very important questions close to my heart. The key one:</span></span></span></p><p style="font-weight: normal; font-family: Georgia, serif; margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span><span lang="en-US"><i>To what extent does your work as a teacher educator make a difference in anyway to anyone at any time and what can you do to find out about it. </i><i style="font-style: normal; "></i>An important question to regularly ask, and is particularly pertinent in light of my current research pathway.</span></span></p><p style="font-weight: normal; font-family: Georgia, serif; margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span><span lang="en-US">When thinking about <b>impact</b> he asks us to consider impact on what and who.</span></span></p><ul style="font-weight: normal; font-family: Georgia, serif; "><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span><span lang="en-US">Participation (teachers and learners – reach / participation)</span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span><span lang="en-US">Beliefs</span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span><span lang="en-US">Knowledge</span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span><span lang="en-US">Skills</span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span><span lang="en-US">Behavior</span></span></p></li></ul><ul style="font-weight: normal; font-family: Georgia, serif; "><p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; "></p></ul><p style="font-weight: normal; font-family: Georgia, serif; margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span><span lang="en-US">When do we expect the impact to occur?</span></span></p><p style="font-weight: normal; font-family: Georgia, serif; margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span><span>From a research perspective how we collect the data about the impact becomes an important questions and he offered three observations:</span></span></p><ul style="font-weight: normal; font-family: Georgia, serif; "><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span><span lang="en-US">Limited impact research about INSET</span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span><span lang="en-US">Impact often not a design feature of projects</span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span><span><span lang="en-US"><span>Simplistic notion of impact (i.e.: end of course questionnai</span>re = happy sheets </span><span><span lang="en-US"> but how about in the medium to long term</span></span><span lang="en-US">)</span></span></span></p></li></ul><p style="font-weight: normal; font-family: Georgia, serif; margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span><span>This project was to examine the impact of INSET on teacher’s beliefs:</span></span></p><p style="font-weight: normal; font-family: Georgia, serif; margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span><b><span>Key Findings</span></b></span></p><ul style="font-weight: normal; font-family: Georgia, serif; "><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span><span lang="en-US">Limited initial awareness of beliefs</span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span><span lang="en-US">Variable impact on beliefs: a real range, and some confusion about understanding, articulating, confirming, changing, and applying beliefs</span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span><span lang="en-US">Blurring of beliefs and practices</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; "></p></li></ul><p style="font-weight: normal; font-family: Georgia, serif; margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span><span><span>The word impact has krept into my research direction which is on improving / changing what I do, investigating my own practices / beliefs and how having these reflections </span><b>impact </b><span>on my work and lead to growth. I guess like Bailey (2001, p11) I am "simply keeping a close watch on my own teaching (training / work), to see what I could learn and how I cold improve". I am hoping to explore and inform my praxis. Next up,</span></span></span></p><p style="font-weight: normal; font-family: Georgia, serif; margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span><b style="font-size: 100%; text-align: center; "><span><br /></span></b></span></p><p style="font-weight: normal; font-family: Georgia, serif; margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span><b style="font-size: 100%; text-align: center; "><span>Richard Kiely - The Furnished Imagination: What new teachers take to work</span></b></span></p><p style="font-weight: normal; font-family: Georgia, serif; "></p> <p lang="en-US" style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span><span><span>In this session there was a report of a study into thirty or so, trinity cert graduates about what they took to work from their courses. Kiely kept in touch with his grads and </span>eventually<span> set about using the conceptual framework of the furnished imagination to explain their experiences. Wenger coined the term t</span></span><i style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; ">he furnished imagination</i><span><span> to talk about our changing ability to describe the our practice. Our practice is based on our shared historical and social resources, frameworks we have for understanding. When we interact with others (usually) we engage in situational; / socially oriented learning as part of a community of practice.</span></span></span></p> <p lang="en-US" style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span>The emergent themes were that trinity TESOL cert holders left for work with:</span></p> <ul style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; "> <li><p lang="en-US" style="margin-bottom: 0cm"><span>Readiness and confidence</span></p> </li><li><p lang="en-US" style="margin-bottom: 0cm"><span>A platform for continued situated learning</span></p> </li><li><p lang="en-US" style="margin-bottom: 0cm"><span>the buds of a teacher identity forming</span></p> </li><li><p lang="en-US" style="margin-bottom: 0cm"><span>varying levels of support in place</span></p> </li><li><p lang="en-US" style="margin-bottom: 0cm"><span>a furnished imagination</span></p> <p lang="en-US" style="margin-bottom: 0cm"></p> </li></ul> <p lang="en-US" style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span>Each graduate who goes into a school will be faced with a different reality. This will be based on:</span></p> <ul style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; "> <li><p lang="en-US" style="margin-bottom: 0cm"><span>The nature of the mentoring </span></p> </li><li><p lang="en-US" style="margin-bottom: 0cm"><span>The norms of the school</span></p> </li><li><p lang="en-US" style="margin-bottom: 0cm"><span>Their own language learning and schooling histories</span></p></li></ul><p style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span lang="en-US">The TESOL cert grad develops an awareness of their:</span></p> <p style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span><span lang="en-US"><b>Knowledge </b></span><span lang="en-US">what do you know, what do you not know</span></span></p> <p style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span><span lang="en-US"><b>Procedural awareness and skills </b></span><span lang="en-US">e.g. TTT is not good…not interrupting pair /grp work</span></span></p> <p style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span><span lang="en-US"><b>Dispositions </b></span><span lang="en-US">character is permanent / disposition can be shaped / attitudes can change</span></span></p> <p style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span><span lang="en-US"><b>TESOL Identity – </b></span><span lang="en-US">Block (2007) socially constructed, self-conscious, negotiated, ongoing narratives that individuals perform, interpret and project</span></span></p> <p lang="en-US" style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span style="font-size: 100%; ">A furnished imagination is a way of:</span></p><p lang="en-US" style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; "></p><ul style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-weight: normal; "><li><span>understanding teacher learning</span></li><li><span>tracking professional learning</span></li><li><span>capturing teacher learning as professional identity formation in sociocultural terms</span></li><li><span>validating learning within CERT TESOL courses</span></li></ul><p lang="en-US" style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span>He rounds off with a general statement that learning teachers need support, mentoring and space to make mistakes.</span></p> <p lang="en-US" style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span><br /><a name="_GoBack1"></a></span></p> <p style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; "><b style="font-size: 100%; "><span>James E Zull author of f<span lang="en-US">rom Brain to Mind</span></span></b></p><p style="font-weight: normal; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; "></p><p style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span>He was somewhat controversial, in the sense that not everyone was sold on what he was saying, but I thought he was great. He talked about what we can learn from how brain biology about learning. I was impressed at having a HARD scientist rather than a social-scientist. He communicated his points clear enough for a novice of brain studies and made them relevant (ish) to us. He was an elderly looking frail man with a wicked sense of humour.</span></p><p style="font-weight: normal; font-family: Georgia, serif; margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span><b>Stuff I didn't know:</b></span></p><p style="font-weight: normal; font-family: Georgia, serif; margin-bottom: 0cm; "></p><ul style="font-weight: normal; font-family: Georgia, serif; "><li><span><span lang="en-US">Learning physically changes the brain: the cortex</span><span> thickens super fast ages 1-4 a</span><span lang="en-US">nd then gradually reduces in size from then</span></span></li><li style="font-weight: normal; "><span>Total number of synapses produced decreases as we get on, due to new ones not being produced as fast in old age.</span></li></ul><p style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-weight: normal; "></p><p style="font-weight: normal; font-family: Georgia, serif; margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span lang="en-US"><b>I liked the ideas that:</b></span></p><p style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; "></p><ul style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-weight: normal; "><li><span>you can learn by forgetting things, by abandoning what doesn’t work.</span></li><li><span>you will have a more complex mind if you have a broader set of experiences in that the more complex the networks are the ‘better’ the knowledge</span></li></ul><p style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-weight: normal; "></p><p lang="en-US" style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span>He finished off with this very Kolb like experiential learning summary of how science explains learning:</span></p><ul style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-weight: normal; "><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span lang="en-US">Experience-information</span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span lang="en-US">Reflect-make meaning</span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span lang="en-US">Create-Predict</span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0cm; "><span lang="en-US">Act-Test</span></p><div><span lang="en-US"><br /></span></div></li></ul><p style="font-weight: normal; font-family: Georgia, serif; "></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4303668407065083437.post-90524171140352331462012-04-17T20:26:00.005+03:002012-04-18T10:44:53.729+03:00liminality<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-gyXq7jOLwHw/T42rHTsxvwI/AAAAAAAAA6o/kGMul_O1CUo/s1600/469886_10150731857404297_812139296_9191717_478789135_o.jpg" style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; "><img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 240px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-gyXq7jOLwHw/T42rHTsxvwI/AAAAAAAAA6o/kGMul_O1CUo/s320/469886_10150731857404297_812139296_9191717_478789135_o.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5732426042748026626" /></a><br /><span style="font-style: normal; "><span style="font-size: 100%;">My friends KADN have some work in the tate at the moment. It's a beautiful thing that encourages kids and families to get involved in making their own sculptures, structures and interacting with gallery artefacts in a non-established way. </span></span><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; font-size: 100%; ">The work is called liminal, it's really good and it'</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; font-size: 100%; ">s a really good word too.</span><div><br /><div style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 100%; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; "><span style="font-size: 100%; "><i>Image shamelessly nicked from Abigail Reed's facebook...</i></span></div><div style="font-style: normal; "><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; font-size: 100%; "><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liminality#In_popular_culture">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liminality#In_popular_culture</a></span><div><br /><div><div><span><span style="font-size: 100%;">Liminality works for me and my current location. Palestinian people are perhaps liminal in the way that they are denied full statehood by many, my life is liminal (neither here nor there), and my research as an ethnographer, as a participant researcher (as I research myself) places me in some very liminal moments as I try to see me and yet </span>separate<span style="font-size: 100%;"> the me from me, or something.</span></span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; "><br /></div></div></div></div></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4303668407065083437.post-71015277077848365632012-04-13T23:14:00.002+03:002012-04-13T23:18:48.421+03:00this caught my eye today<a href="http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2012/4/12/1334228922629/Palistinauts-2010-by-Lari-005.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 611px; height: 480px;" src="http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2012/4/12/1334228922629/Palistinauts-2010-by-Lari-005.jpg" border="0" alt="" /></a>(image from guardian http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2012/4/12/1334228922629/Palistinauts-2010-by-Lari-005.jpg)<div><br /><span ><span style="font-size: 100%;">This </span>exhibition<span style="font-size: 100%;"> by a Palestinian artist Larissa Sansour opens in Manchester tonight. It looks funny. She's a virtual jihadi :) I want one of these cute Palestinauts. The show is called Subversion, which is a very good name, or act.<br /><br /></span></span></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4303668407065083437.post-64462585989737258532012-04-12T15:40:00.008+03:002012-04-15T16:28:21.872+03:00THE CHERRY PICK OF MY IATEFL NOTES<a href="http://resources.prufrock.com/Portals/0/BlogImages/Bloom.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 432px; height: 200px;" src="http://resources.prufrock.com/Portals/0/BlogImages/Bloom.jpg" border="0" alt="" /></a>(image from http://resources.prufrock.com/Portals/0/BlogImages/Bloom.jpg)<div><br /><span ><span style="font-size: 100%;">Looking back through my notes from IATEFL I have cherry picked the best bits and will attempt in this post to </span>briefly<span style="font-size: 100%;"> present them to you. By cherry pick, some of these are things that are new, some are less new cherry's but good ideas that perhaps I need to revisit.</span></span><div><span ><span style="font-size: 100%;"><br /></span></span></div><div><span ><span style="font-size: 100%;">I will start with a few cherry picked ideas from the RESIG day.</span></span></div><div><span >Sarah Mercer and Richard Smith had a few nice warmer activities: for example making acronyms that define how we feel: TEFL Totally Eddy Feeling Lad...</span></div><div><span ><br /></span></div><div><span >In her practice at uni in Austria she does learner histories as her first lesson, an idea that I am going to use tomorrow and Tuesday for my cover classes that bridge the gap between two teachers.</span></div><div><span ><br /></span></div><div><span >Richard Smith talked about making the most of feedback, something I am really into. He talked about the horrible evaluation questionnaire institutions use for various devious purposes. The practical suggestion of asking students for feedback using the <i>start, stop, continue</i> prompts, or rather (as a US colleague put it) keep, change, ditch. He clearly illustrated how we can (and perhaps should respond to open questions with closed questions.</span></div><div><span ><br /></span></div><div><span >Ruth Hamilton gave some ideas linked to possible changes that could be made to the CELTA, including making potential candidates shadow a teacher for a day, and echoing Scott Thornbury that the written assignments should be ditched and the course should be a teaching only course. </span></div><div><span ><br /></span></div><div><span >The British Council's people in China did an ace presentation on some amazing work they have been doing. It seemed really deep and meaningful, it was a great presentation, but I just wondered how scalable it was, and how many trainers they could train using this level of intensity of training. They also were able to show how they successfully wrangled with an issue of how to link teacher training and trainer training. </span></div><div><span ><br /></span></div><div><span >Susan Barduhn and Beth Neher did an amazing job of situating teacher educators as <i>change agents </i>a conceptualisation i really liked and find powerful. They focused on their context at SIT working with teachers on a long programme whereby they are mostly learning in school, but come to the Uni in the summers. They talked about how professional development is often viewed as <i>deficiency related: </i></span><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; ">if you need to improve, you are not good enough kind of thing. They talked about how we need to focus on learning not in a <i>this is the right way, </i>way.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; "><br /></span></div><div><span >They talked about change coming when there is trust and about change at three levels. First order change is reversible and is about immediacy. Second order change has transformative potential and is less likely to be reversed. This might be change to how teachers do things and who does what. I effects at a deep systemic, cultural level. </span></div><div><span ><br /></span></div><div><span >With the equation TRUST + EFFORT + LEADERS THAT UNDERSTAND CHANGE they say it is possible to be change agents. However, we must understand that change as chaos, loss, grieving, unstable, confusing, as somthing that creates conflict, but eventually becomes a new beginning with new identities, competency, identities and energy. The language in this talk was so BIG i loved it! They then finished off by talking about teacher's need for</span><i style="font-family: Georgia, serif; "> real </i><span >knowledge and confidence and that we should do this taking into account that we have all undergone an extensive "apprenticeship of observation" (Lortie, 1975) and that understanding is created dialogically we need somthing and somebody to make sense of all! </span></div><div><span ><br /></span></div></div><div><span >In one of the many sessions I attended about doing teacher education work in development contexts an audience member said this in the Q&A after (my paraphrase): </span></div><div><span ><br /></span></div><div><span ><i><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>people want quick fixes. We live in a superficial, celebrity obsessed, capitalist world. People <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>in developing countries don't want to engage in deep reflections, change, or question their <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>beliefs: they want quick fixes. All this talk about reflection is right. Therefore lets deal with <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>the technical aspects of teaching first and then deal with the beliefs underpinning this. </i></span></div><div></div><div><span ><br /></span></div><div><span >It's a pretty staggering quote and was a great example of someone going balls-deep and not hedging their opinion: really saying it as they see it. Slightly contreversial generalisations, but still I get him, though I can't see how you seperate actions and beliefs, often the actions are very representative of the beliefs. </span></div><div><span ><br /></span></div><div><span >Penny Urr did a session talking about some of her issues called, it<i>'s all very well in theory but....</i>. </span></div><div><span ><br /></span></div><div><span >She cites Schon initialy, who feels the scientific paradigm is not justified and <i>that professionals learn by doing and then reflecting in /on / for action, not by applying research based theories</i>. </span></div><div><span ><br /></span></div><div><span >She then moves onto talk about th<i>e teacher as researcher</i> and action research as, a disciplined inquiry made public....and something that hasn't really happened. Teachers don't have time and so on.</span></div><div><span ><br /></span></div><div><span >She talked of issues teacher have, including:</span></div><div><span > </span></div><div><span >1. Lack of clarity (writing not good)</span></div><div><span >2. Contradictions within the research</span></div><div><span >3. Researcher Bias</span></div><div><span >4. Limited Practical Application</span></div><div><span ><br /></span></div><div><span >She reminded me of the Hawthorne effect (how the consciousness of change influences outcomes of experiment). She also seemed to be asking for research to be done not only within limited populations / time frames and within these local pedagogical / practical constraints. She argued that researchers (like me) have limited experience of research (yes, but okay how do we get experience otherwise?). Practically, she recommends critical engagement with research and suggests: checking out overviews in language teaching / ELTJ, skimming abstracts, reading results and conclusions and saving in zotero, or similar. See for yourself<a href="http://iatefl.britishcouncil.org/2012/sessions/2012-03-20/its-all-very-well-theory"> here</a></span></div><div><br /></div><div>The last nice cherry was from Gabriel Diaz Maggoioli at the new school. He presented 4 conceptualisations of teacher learning </div><div><ol><li>Look and Learn (craft tradition)</li><li>Read and Learn (applied science tradition)</li><li>Think and Learn (reflective tradition)</li><li>Participate and Learn (sociocultural tradition)</li></ol></div><div><span >Nothing massively new, but a good reminder (for me) to avoid dos and don'ts, better to participate and learn rather than prescribe and learn. He also made the point that we need to learn first and then develop, and that these are seperaate processes. His other cherries included being a teacher, not just teaching. He gave a nice idea for teacher training courses in the future that teacherly vocabulary (for example reflective practice, Lingua Franca and so on should be treated like vocabulary on any language learning course, i.e.: we play with it, using games like back to the board).</span></div><div><span ><br /></span></div><div><span ><br /></span></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4303668407065083437.post-37284094692921087992012-03-27T10:06:00.003+02:002012-03-27T10:13:36.850+02:00short of writing my own reflections <a href="http://unpluggedreflections.wordpress.com/2012/03/27/a-call-to-arms-for-elt/?utm_source=twitterfeed&utm_medium=twitter">this</a> caught my eye as a IATEFL response / wrap up / call to arms....<br />It kind of reminds me of <a href="http://englada.wordpress.com/2012/03/23/291/">Clarke's call for reform and change</a>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4303668407065083437.post-62483582327301720802012-03-20T12:27:00.005+02:002012-04-16T22:00:24.844+03:00RESIG Pre-conference event<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-sb3XMAMX1qk/T4xqcORKx4I/AAAAAAAAAYE/WXn_Bz_4KEU/s1600/DSCN3712.JPG" style="font-family: Georgia, serif; "><img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 240px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-sb3XMAMX1qk/T4xqcORKx4I/AAAAAAAAAYE/WXn_Bz_4KEU/s320/DSCN3712.JPG" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5732073458834786178" /></a><br /><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-YbJO8DDAnVY/T4xpzg4gfrI/AAAAAAAAAX4/PkTCx60xT98/s1600/DSCN3675.JPG" style="font-family: Georgia, serif; "><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 240px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-YbJO8DDAnVY/T4xpzg4gfrI/AAAAAAAAAX4/PkTCx60xT98/s320/DSCN3675.JPG" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5732072759456988850" /></a><br /><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-OSx5-u51zeM/T4PhbB8XIBI/AAAAAAAAAXs/Pm6mzwyeOB8/s1600/clip_image002.jpg" style="font-family: Georgia, serif; "><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5729671005439729682" style="FLOAT: left; MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 320px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 240px" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-OSx5-u51zeM/T4PhbB8XIBI/AAAAAAAAAXs/Pm6mzwyeOB8/s320/clip_image002.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><span ><br /></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" >I have been following <a href="http://groups.yahoo.com/group/resig/">the yahoo group</a> for Research Special Interest Group (RESIG) over recent months with great interest. It’s a great chance to get in on conversations about research and research articles, and is organized nicely so over a week. They have great events <a href="http://resig.weebly.com/events.html">including upcoming</a> things with Dick Allwright, Anne Burns, and Zoltan Dornyrei.</span></p><span ><br /></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" ><!--?xml:namespace prefix = o /--><o:p></o:p></span></p><span ><br /></span><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" >So yesterday was RESIG day. The whole day was anchored to the theme of <i>Teaching as Researching. </i>The distinction between research that is non-pedagogic (i.e.: doesn’t necessarily fit in with our usual classroom work) and that uses regular classroom activities as data generation. The sessions three main speakers were Richard Smith, Sarah Mercer and Ema Ushioda was inspirational. I had pages of notes, most of which pertain to ideas for dissertation possibilities which is great. It was also great to hear from other post-graduate researchers Yasmin, Ana, and Paula who produced a mini-newsletter for the conference. Big ups! (and Nellie too!)</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" >I was inspired (despite looking a bit asleep in the photo above) by the talk of new genres of writing, new ways of presenting research, and the emphasis on teaching as research, rather than researching teaching and learning. Smith talked in lay man’s terms about how teasing out learner feedback, and investigating it and intervening before measuring the impact of this. This teasing out of issues, and the process of problematizing the feedback was interesting and we had hands on experience of doing so.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" >He also problematized the student satisfaction / scorecard questionnaire that we are all so familiar with. This tool, that is so often used by schools / management to get insight into the training/class room, does lack depth. Smith engaged with issues in his own context at Warwick Uni.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" >Sarah Mercer talked about getting student narratives, and using these learning histories, in Graz, to inform planning and benefit the relationships we have with our learners. This example of ‘teaching as research’ uses students’ work, written at home about themselves to inform not only on language needs but also into a broader piece of research.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" >Rounding off was lovely Ema Ushioda who took us through the process of doing i-statement analysis, which contrasted with Mercer’s more holistic analysis to data. I-statements (not a new kind of designer sunglasses from apple) are a way of categorizing informant/student data. Again, it was good to have the change to have a go at doing this procedure. This would have been useful for systematizing my data analysis.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" >The noisy drama people next door, wow they sounded like they were having a hoot.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 100%; " >After a work meeting, and a nice meet, and remeet with lots of old faces from around the network. So many people whose names I knew but faces were unknown….bit embarrassing at times, but still very nice…. it was on to the North Star ELT Karaoke night with Nick Turner and briefly managed to shout buckfast at singer and pop start (and spy) Shell Terrell. We also got to see Jim Scriv, the Peach, Petya Pointer and many of the PLN / ELT Chat folk. Was fun but needed to eat…</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" >Haggis for breakfast – yum!!</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Georgia, serif; "><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><br /><span ><img title="Iatefl Registered blogger" src="http://iatefl.britishcouncil.org/2012/sites/iatefl/files/pages/iatefl-glasgow-blogger-125x125.jpg" border="0" /></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4303668407065083437.post-52931383204220805752012-03-12T22:32:00.007+02:002012-03-25T15:27:59.575+02:00IATEFL Predictions<div style="text-align: center;"><span ><u><br /></u></span></div><br /><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; "><a title="Glasgow Online" href="http://iatefl.britishcouncil.org/2012/" style="font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; "><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7187/6793120420_679b75411f_o.png" alt="Glasgow Online" width="400" height="260" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><span style="font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; "><span style="font-size: 100%;">So, for the first time I get to join the great ELT flock and travel as part of the annual migration to a UK destination for IATEFL. </span></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; "><span style="font-size: 100%;">This year it's Glasgow. It's been ten years of wanting to go, not being able to afford to go, and good fortune that I am going this year. I'd like to be presenting something, but due to the last minute nature of it all won't be able to, I will find other ways to contribute. This blog post for one :) </span></span><br /><br /></span><div style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; "><span><span style="font-size: 100%;">At the same time the amount of carbon produced in the global travel of participants, the </span>permanent<span style="font-size: 100%;"> UK location of the conference (why is it always in UK?), the fact that it is very expensive (<a href="http://www.davedodgson.com/2011/01/willing-to-share-but-not-willing-to-pay.html">remember the pay to present discussion</a>), commercial, large, a 'fractured experience' according to some, and so on, all leave me cold. </span></span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; "><span><span style="font-size: 100%;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 100%; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; "><span><span style="font-size: 100%; ">On the other hand, IATEFL broadcasts a lot of its plenary's and other sessions helping to mitigate the carbon and the costs. In the past I have been able to watch these from the comfort of the office, or where ever I am calling <i>home</i>, I really remember <a href="http://iatefl.britishcouncil.org/2010/sessions/2010-04-08/plenary-session-professional-life-cycles-teachers-tessa-woodward" style="font-style: normal; ">this one from Tessa Woodward</a> which I loved. </span></span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; "><span><span style="font-size: 100%;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; "><span><span style="font-size: 100%;">This year I am really hoping to have a good reflect. I hope to be inspired. I really hope that it helps focus me for my dissertation, and provides some useful things for me to take back to Palestine when I continue my work here after a few weeks off. </span></span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; "><span><span style="font-size: 100%;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; "><span><span style="font-size: 100%;">On the less serious side I thought I'd make a few predictions about the upcoming get together, no offence....</span></span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; "><span><span style="font-size: 100%;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-weight: normal; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; "><span><span style="font-size: 100%; "><b>Predictions</b></span></span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; font-size: 100%; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; "><span>These events are often an eye feast of English teachers from all over the world in their finest get up. So,</span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; font-size: 100%; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; "><span><span style="font-size: 100%; "><i><br /></i></span></span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; font-size: 100%; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; "><span><span style="font-size: 100%; "><i>Fashion</i></span></span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; font-size: 100%; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; "><span><span style="font-size: 100%; ">Waistcoats - I reckon I will be one of the few men without a waistcoat, in fact I may have to buy one while there if it is derigeur</span></span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-weight: normal; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; "><span><span style="font-size: 100%; ">Red Trousers - i reckon there will be one or two pairs of <a href="http://lookatmyfuckingredtrousers.blogspot.com/">red panted </a>male ELTers</span></span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-weight: normal; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; "><span><span style="font-size: 100%; ">Overly smart people - this may be because I am a scruffy git, but I tend to spot the very smart. Defining this I am thinking double breasted jackets and tie clips...</span></span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-weight: normal; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; "><span><span style="font-size: 100%; "><br /></span></span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 100%; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; "><span><span><span><span style="font-size: 100%;"><i>Technology</i></span></span></span></span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 100%; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; "><ul><li><span style="font-size: 100%; font-family: verdana; ">Plenty of presentations about flashy tech stuff most of which is currently exclusive to the wealthy, on line, connected 20% of the world...love it but...</span></li><li><span style="font-size: 100%; font-family: verdana; ">PLNs / PLEs - something impacting on my life, very useful stuff for the teacher without helpful colleagues, or who wants to develop in </span><b style="font-size: 100%; font-family: verdana; ">and</b><span style="font-size: 100%; font-family: verdana; "> out of school setting...</span></li><li><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: 100%; ">Lots of Apple Macing and smart phoning - and me being jealous of my inability to </span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: 100%; ">participate</span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: 100%; "> on the back channel on a Steve Jobs Machine...</span></li><li><span style="font-size: 100%; font-family: verdana; ">I will buy an apple computer before the week is out :)</span></li></ul></div><div style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 100%; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; "><span><span><span><span style="font-size: 100%;"><br /></span></span></span></span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; font-size: 100%; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; "><i><span>Presentations</span></i></div><div style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; font-size: 100%; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; "><ul><li><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: 100%; ">Someone will read their presentation from a power point and it will be awful...happens at every conference, will it happen at IATEFL too?</span></li><li><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: 100%; ">There will be a difficult audience member (me?) who asks difficult, critical, obtuse questions...</span></li><li><span style="font-size: 100%; font-family: verdana; ">I will end up (unknowingly) in a commercial presentation of some kind, and I won't like it that what i thought was about learning and teaching is more about me being sold a product / service. This will be as annoying as those films where it's just one big product placement...unless you like flash gimicks and gadgets</span></li><li><span style="font-size: 100%; font-family: verdana; ">Dogme - there will be stuff on dogme, from the dogmeists of planet dogme, they will not plan their sessions, and they will not place products, or will they?</span></li></ul></div><div style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-weight: normal; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; "><span><span style="font-size: 100%; "><br /></span></span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-style: normal; font-size: 100%; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; "><span><span style="font-size: 100%; "><i>Around the fringes</i></span></span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; "><ul><li><span style="font-size: 100%; font-family: verdana; ">There will be lots of hangovers after all the evening 'receptions'</span></li><li><span style="font-size: 100%; font-family: verdana; ">Someone will go way to far with the buckfast, not realising how mental it turns people (me?)</span></li><li><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: 100%; ">There will be </span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: 100%; ">karaoke</span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: 100%; "> to a near professional standard that will make you think that the singer has been </span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: 100%; ">practising</span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: 100%; "> that song for months</span></li><li><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: 100%; ">Pecha-Kucha will be great</span></li><li><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: 100%; ">Someone will offer to share (like it's new) the talking lift that doesn't cope with </span><a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p3JcHhA7M-Y" style="font-family: verdana; font-size: 100%; ">Scotish accents video</a></li><li><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: 100%; ">There will be lots of talk about the weather, Scottish nationalism</span></li><li><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: 100%; ">There will be red TEFL blood....</span></li></ul></div><div style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; "><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: 100%; ">Let TEFL communion commence. May you network til you have smarm ingratiatingly dripping from your every pore, may you share your lessons from the class/training room, may you meet lots of new and old friends, may you get that job, and please above all, please let me get some inspiration for me self...</span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; "><span><br /></span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; "><span>For a slightly more sober post on a similar theme try <a href="http://eltchat.com/2012/03/16/how-can-we-get-the-most-from-conferences-whether-we-attend-or-not-eltchat-summary-14032012/">this</a> about getting the most from conferences, some good suggestions that doubtless will fall on my deaf ears / blind eyes...</span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; "><span><br /></span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; "><span>Ps: English for Accounting could be fun..I clicked on the link below and it took me to <a href="http://www.tefl.net/alexcase/tefl/assocs/iatefl/iatefl-code-of-conduct/?utm_source=twitterfeed&utm_medium=twitter">this page</a></span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; "><span>Talk about sexing it up!</span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; "><span><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><img src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-8DDAdUUq6-A/T2Vq-V2olEI/AAAAAAAAAXQ/74cDUWuym34/s320/sexy%2BIATEFL.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5721096520894813250" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 238); text-decoration: underline; display: block; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: auto; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 180px; " /><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"></span></div><div style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal; font-weight: normal; "> </div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4303668407065083437.post-82211044269108711042012-03-12T17:49:00.002+02:002012-03-12T17:52:06.604+02:00A world of words, roles, and differences: Classroom Language<span><br />After Christmas I was back at uni again, doing another Classroom Language course. This training provided an opportunity for some undergraduate English literature and language students to do some of our training. They enjoyed it and some of them will go onto build from this in their professional lives; which is ultimately the aim of doing these sessions. Yet, ‘behind the scenes’, in the wings, there were a few tensions and conflict (the good kind you can learn from).<br /><br />The classroom language course is quite a challenge for trainers and trainees alike. The language and pedagogical content mean that is a tasty sandwich for all to get their teeth into. I co-trained on this most recent course with a more qualified and more experienced Palestinian ELT trainer at a University, Palestine. The University is a long-standing partner and the trainer had observed some of the previous course I had led. For the bosses it seems a logical way to make this kind of course more sustainable, and at the same time keep the novelty (am I a novelty, or an experienced ELT professional?) of having a member of staff from outside of the faculty involved in the training.<br /><br />The trainer and I scheduled 2 pre-meetings, but feeling confident that our professional culture would bridge our other differences, and time poor, settled for just one meeting. In this meeting we framed the upcoming course as a learning experience for both of us. In retrospect, there were a number of basic things absent from this conversation.<br /><br />Although, we had had lunch on the earlier course, we didn’t know each other, we didn’t know too much about each other’s classroom experiences as teachers or trainers, our educational backgrounds in any real detail, we didn’t understand each others’ perceptions about teaching and learning: we didn’t share expectations about what this course would be like. This left a lot unspoken and meant our professional culture would bridge a 30 year age difference, among others.<br /><br />My co-trainer and I hadn’t had enough time to build our professional discourse. What I mean by this is that terms like, for example, the communicative approach to teaching (or training), which we both used, were practiced in different ways. So, weirdly we spoke the same language, but the meanings of the words were different. These false friends then became more problematic as we were attempting to co-train, bringing life to these terms.<br /><br />It’s important that I say that I am no chauvinist, or TEFL fascist, I am not saying that my way of understanding, or doing say, participant centred training, is the ‘right way’. In fact, I believe that there are many ways of skinning a cat when TEFL, and training, but I do try to, practice what I preach. These approaches to teaching suit me, and mesh well with my background and educational experiences (both as a teacher and student).<br /><br />Feedback was another term that proved an issue. For me feedback is feedback, explicitly different from error correction, or appraisal. When I asked for feedback, I received (polite) glowing praise, great I thought… My personal feeling about this kind of feedback is that it has little value though, it’s nice to hear, (how does it help me to grow)? My feedback for him, reflected my respect for him as a professional and was questioning and critical of his practice as I am engaged with my own teaching in just this way.<br /><br />I explained that my exploratory questions were, I thought, in the spirit of our learning, of (our) professional growth. Yet, it became clear, I was off target, had overstepped a boundary, or said something unexpected to a teacher and trainer who had been working for decades (possibly without much observation or appraisal). We smoothed things over before leaving, but we were both a bit off key.<br /><br />The following day I felt I should apologise for my unsupportive comments, I framed this as a realisation that I needed to be more focused and forward looking in my feedback (something that I strongly adhere to in my teaching) and I made a document to focus the observing trainer. Despite this, at the end of the second day, the time short feedback session was a bit jaded (to be expected I guess).<br /><br />My co-trainer was interested in the success, or failure of his performance. I was, honestly, offended by the proposition that my role was to judge him. Support him, okay, explore our practice together, fine, but judging him seemed unprofessional to me. This clash in expectations again was based on a contrasting understanding for our motivation for being there. Perhaps he felt I was there to judge him, to report on him (which I am doing now, but writing this blog wasn’t my intention then).<br /><br />The key thing that I think I learnt from all this, was that giving time before training creates opportunities for relationships to seed. The professor and I have grown closer through this experience, and certainly know each other better, but having more time really would have helped. After sessions time is also an important factor allowing for trainers to de-pressurise before doing peer-feedback.<br /><br />By smoothing out our expectations, and clarifying our roles, this could have been a smoother experience for us both. At the same time it is a case my co-trainer and I have eventually, been able to learn from this experience. It serves as an example of how you can learn through experiences and how a shared professional culture helped us bridge bigger differences, yet within this community of English Language Teachers (and Trainers) there is also a broad understanding of teaching and learning.<br /><span style="font-weight:bold;"></span></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4303668407065083437.post-75537501495420284522012-02-26T19:36:00.003+02:002012-02-26T19:38:31.335+02:00Rugby in PalestineRugby in Palestine<br />It is of little surprise and considerable annoyance that I cant get a game of rugby in Palestine when this sort of thing happens <a href="http://ramallahramblings.blogspot.com/2012/02/now-its-personal.html#more">http://ramallahramblings.blogspot.com/2012/02/now-its-personal.html#more<br /></a> and the Israeli club playing from Jerusalem move to a hill top the wrong -side of town for me.....getting un-fitter by the dayUnknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4303668407065083437.post-67898925082749422132012-02-13T23:11:00.000+02:002012-02-13T23:35:36.282+02:00guess the grade for my narrative inquiry paper - bids plsI try to discourage my students from doing it, but I too, am concerned about my performance in my last MA module, Developing Researcher Competence. There are a number of reasons for this, but mainly that this was a new approach to doing things. I moved from an etic, to an emic approach: previously my research had been about me in my class, suddenly it was about other people in strange lands (well not that strange, but you get the picture, I hope)<br /><br />That said, I am eager to read my feedback and see my grade tomorrow. I am interested because it's, of course, a great chance to learn. I have found plenty of reward in reading, and listening to (yes, some tutors gave audio feedback) my tutors comments. All of the negative stuff I try to reframe as formative in some way. Writing for journals and conference papers is one way to do this. Up next is my dissertation, so there's plenty of good reason to get really stuck into the feedback given. <br /><br />The piece I wrote for the DRC was very reflective. It was, I suspect too reflective in it's overall orientation (1/3rd was supposed to be reflections). I also have a number of other predictions. I predict that:<br />1. My choice of topic was too broad, my assignment was about mapping the CPD context for Palestinian English teachers, but this was too general a starting point. <br />2. Lack of interrogation of my reasons for responding in the ways I did. The reasons I gave seemed very 'basic', e.g. not enough time. <br />3. I didn't link between the three sections well, in fact i didn't link between the three parts of the paper at all. I think this would have helped me get more in, and avoided repetition...<br />4. repetition, see above<br />5.I forgot to include an avenue of thought that may have helped me in my analysis, this was to employ a quantitative tool like ATLAS, or another concordance tool. <br />6. My analysis lacked focus, I said stuff, which may be interesting, but there wasn't an approach governing my analysis. For example, I could have looked at the symbolic nature of language, or interpreted the instrumental function of aspects of the story...either way an approach rather than all approaches may have worked better for me..<br />7. I think the process of story-telling can be a beneficial, developmental (co-operative development-esque) and therapeutic experience for the person doing the telling, yet i didn't say this in my rationale for choosing this approach to data generation...It is also beneficial to developing a sense of our professional community and yet I failed to mention this too.<br />8. Finally, I think I was really overly political in my writing.<br /><br />My friends Joe, Emma, and Adam were really helpful in their editing (thanks) and their comments have informed some of these comments above. Anyway, what's done is done. For sure I need to plan much better for my dissertation, both structurally and my time in order to have success. One of the major problems with this piece was that I was writing, planning, analysing data, organising very much at the same time (as i was behind schedule). This is best avoided if I want to do myself justice in the dissertation. <br /><br />I will be getting the results on valentines day at 9am GMT, so post your predictions if you like.<br /><br />Love you bye ;)Unknownnoreply@blogger.com10tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4303668407065083437.post-74776087754371609952012-02-03T14:01:00.000+02:002012-02-10T12:47:00.996+02:00Arna's childrenI stumbled across this on the Ramallah Rugby Club's facebook page - <a href="http://www.facebook.com/groups/100103153423198/">al Am'ari exiles</a>. It's a feature length documentary Arna's children. I am pretty amazed, and disturbed, by the homevideo footage of these boys growing up in Jenin, a town I led a workshop at two weeks ago. It was the only place I heard the sound of Israeli artillery / bombs going off, down the valley (training exercises I am told). The teachers were completely unphased and called it normal. <br /><br />In the video below the tale begins by focusing on the Arna, a Jewish, cancer victim, zionist fighter, communist theatre / community leader mother, who marries a Palestinian. In this gradually unfurling story we see how she tries to channel refugee children's suffering through theatre and art. Many of the children in the film are innocent 8-10year olds who go on to die fighting the Israeli occupation, or as suicide bombers as part of the al-Aqsa Intifada (see 21.30-22.30mins). <br /><br />What initially just struck me from an education perspective was (at around 16mins) the boys in their psycho-drama session act out a scene from their school English class. In this scene 'the teacher' beats the kids for not standing when he enters the classroom. The kids lack of discipline continues as they get struck again for not knowing the alphabet... Have a watch and see what you think...<br /><br /><div><embed id="VideoPlayback" src="http://video.google.com/googleplayer.swf?docid=9004838847737803917&hl=en&fs=true" style="width:400px;height:326px" allowfullscreen="true" allowscriptaccess="always" type="application/x-shockwave-flash"></embed> </div><br /><br />It made me wonder about the role of discipline in schools, and particularly in the language classroom. A lot of the teachers who I work with are concerned about this aspect, particularly pre-service teachers. This week we were focusing on the benefits of positive reinforcement and praise, at Hebron University,among other things, but I wonder to what extent this has been individuals experiences. What upset me (from a 'teaching and learning'perspective)in the above clip is that the teacher didn't teach anything, just started off by testing and then punished the kids for not knowing. Okay, these kids aren't pedagosists, but they understood their was an issue with their treatment. It's also noteworthy that it was English class, but the only English spoken is: "good morning". <br /><br /><br />The complexities of this film are massive, you have a female Jewish matriarch and her Jewish, Israeli sons working with young Palestinian boys. The boys find an outlet through the freedom theatre project, but were initially very suspicious of Arna and her family. I wonder to what extent this is the case for teachers I work with: how trusting are they of me? The relationships I have with most of the teachers I work with is usually too brief, and there's not alot of time for 'getting to know each other' building trust, or socialising. I think this social element, rapport, all takes time. <br /><br />It's a tragedy, in which everyone dies. <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/stage/2011/oct/26/jenin-freedom-theatre-what-else">Jules, the narrator in much of the movie and theatre director was also killed last year</a> Despite the tragic deaths of many involved <a href="http://www.thefreedomtheatre.org/">the symbolic theatre lives on</a>.Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4303668407065083437.post-35261676587736087122012-01-17T19:57:00.000+02:002012-01-17T22:39:16.341+02:00Ramallah in my own pictures<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-fFxbp3h0gvM/TxXZVFHGkRI/AAAAAAAAAWs/udD1fTtoT8I/s1600/DSCN3335.JPG"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 240px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-fFxbp3h0gvM/TxXZVFHGkRI/AAAAAAAAAWs/udD1fTtoT8I/s320/DSCN3335.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5698699859679678738" border="0" /></a>Roof of the music NGO, can't remember the name, but amazing architecture.<br /><br /><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-1oUc6MxIyso/TxXZUu1GmHI/AAAAAAAAAWg/ZlkxAglDgTo/s1600/DSCN3330.JPG"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 240px; height: 320px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-1oUc6MxIyso/TxXZUu1GmHI/AAAAAAAAAWg/ZlkxAglDgTo/s320/DSCN3330.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5698699853698603122" border="0" /></a>Kamil Altodaan AloTnee...no idea what that means....but can read it, i think...dripping blood..how much blood???<br /><br /><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-gErLa3TQk-E/TxXZUXg6GUI/AAAAAAAAAWY/LFbgDYebPTE/s1600/DSCN3333.JPG"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 240px; height: 320px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-gErLa3TQk-E/TxXZUXg6GUI/AAAAAAAAAWY/LFbgDYebPTE/s320/DSCN3333.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5698699847439882562" border="0" /></a><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-SKjvf-QlLbI/TxXZVhrB7NI/AAAAAAAAAW8/zWtS4lGWwbE/s1600/DSCN3341.JPG"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 240px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-SKjvf-QlLbI/TxXZVhrB7NI/AAAAAAAAAW8/zWtS4lGWwbE/s320/DSCN3341.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5698699867346562258" border="0" /></a>music school sign<br /><br /><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-9bute-aa5uY/TxXXpVJGPvI/AAAAAAAAAWA/TW3czDom3yY/s1600/DSCN3324.JPG"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 240px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-9bute-aa5uY/TxXXpVJGPvI/AAAAAAAAAWA/TW3czDom3yY/s320/DSCN3324.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5698698008557141746" border="0" /></a>In the autumn there was a kind of arab spring megalith, full of posters and images of, about and from the region. I like the domino effect in this one... perhaps they will all fall....<br /><br /><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-hP6lj86jkgk/TxXXDLNG42I/AAAAAAAAAV0/yBkVxxUqEkM/s1600/DSCN3323.JPG"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 240px; height: 320px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-hP6lj86jkgk/TxXXDLNG42I/AAAAAAAAAV0/yBkVxxUqEkM/s320/DSCN3323.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5698697353054577506" border="0" /></a>i particularly like Mubarak's nose in this one...<span style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="font-family:arial;"></span><br /><br /><br /></span><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Fb9O2fh3FSA/TxXVft3jBJI/AAAAAAAAAVc/B3NWHc5lfxY/s1600/DSCN3322.JPG"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 240px; height: 320px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Fb9O2fh3FSA/TxXVft3jBJI/AAAAAAAAAVc/B3NWHc5lfxY/s320/DSCN3322.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5698695644372468882" border="0" /></a><br />I can't read what's written on Assad's face here...<br /><br /><br /><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MLvKSMAiMfI/TxXUCijTFHI/AAAAAAAAAVQ/v7gw0r6fs8g/s1600/DSCN3316.JPG"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 240px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MLvKSMAiMfI/TxXUCijTFHI/AAAAAAAAAVQ/v7gw0r6fs8g/s320/DSCN3316.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5698694043606914162" border="0" /></a><br />This is a nice looking building in the old part of town....<br /><br />Ramallah, my daily place of pilgrimage...my dear sister had to google 'what' it was...For those who don't know it's the defacto capital of Palestinian Occupied Territory. Most of the governments, ministries and foreign organizations are here. I rather like it...:)<br /><br /><br /><br /><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-pLyfGlDTtrs/TxXNCygmlrI/AAAAAAAAAVE/KyW-8vfud5c/s1600/DSCN3317.JPG"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 240px; height: 320px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-pLyfGlDTtrs/TxXNCygmlrI/AAAAAAAAAVE/KyW-8vfud5c/s320/DSCN3317.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5698686351309182642" border="0" /></a>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4303668407065083437.post-87613853359935054302011-12-22T11:30:00.005+02:002011-12-22T12:49:36.453+02:00A reality on the ground in JerusalemWell, it's CHRISTMAS!!! The elders and siblings are entering the arena in a matter of hours. We will celebrate Christmas in the Holdyland. These overseas Chrimbos are becoming more normal now, for me at least. We've had them in Marrakesh, London, Barnstaple (N.Devon), Holme (Peterborugh), even on the beach in Thailand.<br /><br />The last few months have been quite something, I am pleased how fast I can adapt, and how my profession, and experience, creates opportunities for me straight away. As a UN spouse, it's good that I can find routine when faced with unfamiliar territory. My MA has been bubbling along too, so I've managed to progress as a student, and do something useful.<br /><br />I have done some English language teacher training in the West Bank. The first was at Hebron University. It was a week's course. The programme is called <a href="http://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/training-courses/classroom-language">Classroom Language</a> and was well received <a href="http://www.hebron.edu/index.php/en/-news/1286-hebron-university-concludes-workshops-on-methods-of-teaching-language-skills-and-class-management.html">(and even got press!)</a> by the 24 participants. One saying to me that she <span style="font-style: italic;">really wanted to be an English teacher now</span>! High praise indeed from my pre-service trainees. They were a really enthusiastic group (all female) who gave me an excellent (and my first of the year) Christmas card which takes pride, of place, in the centre of the sideboard.<br /><br />I also attended the <a href="http://www.birzeit.edu/news/22462/news">third Quality English Language Teaching Symposium at Birzeit University</a> and delivered a practical workshop on writing, and feedback, that was marked in it's difference to the research paper presentations that seemed to dominate. It was very interesting and heartening to see Palestinian university lecturers share their research in short presentations with peers (I am a big supporter of sharing). This day also gave me a sense of the local standards about how research is conducted, shared, and critiqued. It is my area of focus this semester on my MA, as I develop my researcher competence (DRC).<br /><br />The DRC is going okay, though I have suffered a number of stalls, I feel it is probably symptomatic of research generally. I have had to dust myself down after a few wobbles, and crises....<span style="font-style: italic;">why doesn't my f*&@ing research method give me the answer to my research question!!....why did I tell my interviewee the topic of my research?!!!....why didn't i read that paper, <span style="font-weight: bold;">before</span></span> <span style="font-style: italic;">doing the interview</span>?! This kind of thing. :) All in all, this is supposed to be a learning experience, I am and I am nearly there.<br /><br />I have applied both deductive codes and listened for inductive criteria in my data, and it's starting to give form to a 'theory'. By taking a grounded theory approach, I am able to use the data I have generated to make my own theory: there's no pressure to match to someone elses' already existing theory.<br /><br />My research question is about one teachers thoughts on their continuous professional development. For me it was important to get to know the territory quickly, so that I could make a meaningful contribution or intervention, as an outsider, fairly quickly, as part of my dissertation, next semester.<br /><br />Research has been a big chunk of my life this last three months, I have also been doing some research on pre-service English Language Teacher Education in the West Bank and Gaza, and also took part in the <a href="http://resig.weebly.com/1/post/2011/11/12-16-dec-2012-article-discussion-language-teacher-research-engagement.html">International Association of Teachers of English as a Foreign Language 's (IATEFL's) Research Special Interst Group (RESIG) online discussion of an article by Simon Borg</a>. It was a good experience, though it was only a week long in its duration. It was <span style="font-style: italic;">definitely</span> another learning opportunity.<br /><br />This year has been pretty manic. I <span style="font-weight: bold;">s</span>tarted it in <span style="font-weight: bold;">S</span>witzerland (that was a <span style="font-style: italic;">good</span> party with some <span style="font-style: italic;">bad</span> singing), <span style="font-weight: bold;">j</span>etted in to <span style="font-weight: bold;">J</span>ordan, '<span style="font-weight: bold;">s</span>urvived' <span style="font-weight: bold;">S</span>yria, <span style="font-weight: bold;">l</span>ed workshops in <span style="font-weight: bold;">L</span>ebanon, went <span style="font-weight: bold;">m</span>ad in <span style="font-weight: bold;">M</span>anchester for the summer, <span style="font-weight: bold;">s</span>aw some beautiful <span style="font-weight: bold;">s</span>culptures at <a href="http://www.ysp.co.uk/">Yorkshire Sculpture Park</a>, got <span style="font-weight: bold;">t</span>aken to one side at <span style="font-weight: bold;">T</span>el-Aviv airport, and <span style="font-weight: bold;">q</span>ueued at <span style="font-weight: bold;">Q</span>alandia checkpoint.<br /><br />I look forward to 2012, and hopefully to less international movement, though Glasgow, Amman, Birmingham (UK), Muscat and Battle are all penciled in already, my stinking great carbon footprint. Best to you and yours, a peaceful season to all.Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4303668407065083437.post-35345651098613804852011-10-12T22:16:00.001+02:002011-10-25T15:01:42.531+02:00What i am up to...touched down in Jerusalem<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); "><pre id="embed" style="line-height: 21px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 255); "></pre></span><span><span> So, i have touched down in Jerusalem. It's been extremely good so far, done a lot of visiting to schools and teachers and talking shop. This has coincided with my Master's Developing Researcher Competence module which so far has been very good and thought provoking. I can certainly feel the growth in my researcher competency, though there is quite alot of procedural crossover with other modules, in particular related to the brainstorming and focusing a topic for investiagation. For this module I am encouraged to write a researcher journal about my progress (or lack there of). This journal has some overlap with what's going on in this space, my blog. However, I shan't bother you with the details other than to say I have decided to focus my pilot study on English language teacher education, and find out more about how context affects a teacher's professional development. My research question is <i>what does an English teachers think about their professional development opportunities and activities</i>?</span></span><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: monospace; line-height: 21px; white-space: pre; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 255); font-size: medium; "></span></div><div>My hunches are multiple, but I imagine that I will find out that CPD activities are limited, and afforded by features of context. I also imagine that I will find out about people's views of outside organisations, and the work they do. </div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4303668407065083437.post-15424216671795618592011-08-20T20:13:00.000+03:002011-10-16T23:01:49.191+02:00Five week pre-sessional course<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-xkJvtJcI-84/Tmnx4gewIHI/AAAAAAAAAAQ/m2tFqX73jSw/s400/RIMG0683.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 300px; height: 400px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-xkJvtJcI-84/Tmnx4gewIHI/AAAAAAAAAAQ/m2tFqX73jSw/s400/RIMG0683.jpg" alt="" border="0" />image inside Manchester's iconic University Place </a>Building. Pictured my class, me top right :)<br /><br />This summer I was working in Manchester for the University Language Centre. In many ways it was an eye opener, and really gave me a taste for working in higher education. Working in Switzerland at Les Roches gave me some insight into university life, and this has perhaps been an extension of that work. However, Manchester is huge in comparison, and the students I am working with here are more diverse in their studies than those in Les Roches who were all doing hotel management, or similar. The bulk of my work was with a class are all 'social science' majors, most of them Chinese, all in their 20s. They are hoping to join schools as diverse as economics and education, dependent on their successful competition of the course. Most were potential master's candidates, but a few were going to join undergraduate programmes. They ranged from B1-C2 in language level, and were equally varied in their interpersonal / intercultural communication skills.<div><br /></div><div>Generally, it was nice to be in a class with such bright people who I could share my MA experiences with. I am a good advert for doing an MA at Manchester, I have thoroughly enjoyed mine, so far, and rabbit away about how good it is to anyone willing to listen. This has bothered my sister, and some of my friends, given that now I talk about learning with glazed, fundamentalist eyes!</div><div><br /></div><div>For the language centre managers, and co-ordinators, this was by far the biggest pre-sessional course run by the ULC (University Language Centre). There were 90 teachers, ninety! Thousands of students in a variety of buildings, studying a range of subjects, and so on. The scale of this meant that we were afforded generous amounts of freedom, which of course is a double-edged sword. </div><div><br /></div><div>I was coming back in after quite a long lay-off, as they say in football, meaning I hadn't done much teaching in the months preceding, and I had never worked on such a course before. In essence I had a bit of classroom rust which manifested itself in perhaps being less reflexive in my actions. Ideas, and reflections had to be a bit more drawn out, and thought about, than perhaps would have been in a more familiar context. </div><div><br /></div><div>The materials used were in-house produced, and generally pretty good, I was surprised how many activities I was able to supplement with my own materials-free/low alternatives. One major problem for me was that the majority of the texts (apart from those dealing directly with referencing) contained references, or were strictly speaking 'academic'. By strictly speaking I guess I mean used source material, and had a reference list of some kind, not perhaps the more spurious distinction between full, and contracted forms. My desire to have this kind of 'hard' text led me to reflect on a number of interesting points relating to my beliefs about teaching and learning. </div><div><br /></div><div>This focus suggests that I believe we acquire language, and notice features of genres, by reading. The second is linked to the purpose of the course. Is it a language development course, or a academic preparation one? If it's language focused, then perhaps 'easier', 'shorter' more practical texts (newspaper articles, bbc news, etc) are relevant. Alternatively, I was more in favor of finding 'easy', shortish, academic papers (with referencing) for learners to read. Though I was only able to do this to a certain extent, a larger quantity of 'academic' texts, would have been preferable.</div><div><br /></div><div>Linked to this was the ESP / EAP content. My students were from a variety of disciplines. This meant the shared knowledge base was fairly limited. More generally, we frequently found our selves in real, content-rich discussions linked to input material, sometimes I felt to the detriment of the emergent language. I.e, we / I got so involved in discussions that a focus on form was sometimes absent. Balancing this, or choosing between the two reminded me of the hard v soft CLIL debates, though I believe that a soft CLIL approach would have been more productive as their wasn't fixed content to be taught / learnt.</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div>The positive feedback from students and observers was good to hear, but I felt I didn't end the course particularly well. This may well have been due to context factors, but I am still keen to end on a higher note in the future. Making more of the post project period (PPP) may be an avenue for me to consider. It seems obvious to me now, that using the papers more, after they had been assessed may have brought more learning to this period. </div><div><br /></div><div>There were a number of other challenges that I faced in this context which I haven't covered. These included:</div><div><br /></div><div><ol><li>the general sense that I talked too much, and dominated the space, more than I usually would have.</li><li>the lack of taught mediation between people from different cultural groups.</li><li>enabling learners to deal with others' rudeness, yet, avoiding being rude themselves</li><li>a lack of chatting, and sharing, with other teachers (hardly the learning teacher that I want to be)</li></ol>Overall, this was a significant and enjoyable experience. I now have a feel for this kind of work, and would like to be involved in again in the future. As I said, the students were wonderful, generally well motivated, and all were able to demonstrate what they had learnt. </div><div><br /></div><div>As, I move on into my third, and final MA year, I am conscious that I should make an effort to include more citations in my writing here, 'stepping this blog up'. I am also entering into a new context, Al-quds/ Jerusalem, in which I can continue to grow as a language learner again. I am really looking forward to the journey, though am cautious of the territory.</div><div><br /></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4303668407065083437.post-60625369450426522712011-08-04T19:33:00.000+03:002011-09-02T14:53:33.831+03:00Manchester University and Chinese English Teachers' refresher course<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Y7S6hq4i6JY/TkhCT2yq3JI/AAAAAAAAAUE/tX4hhoXrlmo/s1600/2011-08-02%2B15.33.32.jpg"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5640831442174532754" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Y7S6hq4i6JY/TkhCT2yq3JI/AAAAAAAAAUE/tX4hhoXrlmo/s320/2011-08-02%2B15.33.32.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; display: block; height: 240px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 320px;" /></a><i>Chinatown Manchester - the arch way welcoming you in. It's quite a large quarter, not as old as Liverpool's though.
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<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-KA8oziATnnE/TjrRKWcIsPI/AAAAAAAAATw/XOtokVBmTNA/s1600/IMG_3117%25281%2529.JPG"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5637047859360084210" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-KA8oziATnnE/TjrRKWcIsPI/AAAAAAAAATw/XOtokVBmTNA/s320/IMG_3117%25281%2529.JPG" style="cursor: pointer; display: block; height: 240px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 320px;" /></a>
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<i>Me and the gentlemen teachers :) </i><br />
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<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-5dj6bYV5FfM/TmDDhzwiNCI/AAAAAAAAAUU/Sm6P5GrB4Gw/s1600/IMAG0015.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="213" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-5dj6bYV5FfM/TmDDhzwiNCI/AAAAAAAAAUU/Sm6P5GrB4Gw/s320/IMAG0015.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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<i>And, me and a lady student :)</i><br />
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Yesterday my bit of the teachers' refresher course with the Chinese Centre for Scholarly exchange and the University Language Centre finished. I had a great time in many ways. My role was to deliver input on British Cultural Studies, Teaching and Learning, and Advanced English Language.
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The teachers were from universities across China, including Bejing, Shanghi and some from Chairman Mao's hometown. They taught English literature, linguistics, history, cultural studies, and language, among other things, and were mega enthusiastic, as for 95%, it was their first time in an English speaking context. They were passionate shoppers, the ladies at least, and were astonished by the cheap price of clarks (made in China)! One interesting thing I noted was when asked about good, typical things to buy as souvenirs for people I couldn't name a single thing 'typically British / English / Manchunian' that was made here. From my travels around, there always seems to be a local handicraft, in Bulgaria there were the ladies who wove and spun and sold outside Alexander Nevski. In Thailand this kind of thing was bountiful, everything was locally made. In Syria there were the blue, evil eye things, prayer beads, all sorts. Even in Switzerland you could get a cheap Swiss army knife for £10. I was stumped and suggested a Manchester football top, made in Vietnam, and then books, and music, at least probably conceived locally. I am not sure if this is a product of me having been away for so long, let me know what you would suggest, non-edible. They are off to Edinburgh next week and I am pretty sure they won't be disappointed on this front, tartan teddies etc...
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This reflection ties into the work I did on the British Cultural Studies with them. I presented the UK, in one lecture as a group of islands that have grown and influenced through migration. It's a presentation I first gave in Bulgaria in 2007, when BG first joined the EU. It was well received at the time and it was great to re-work it and add sections on Chinese UK migrations.
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Apart from British Cultural Studies, I also was involved in input sessions on 'advanced language'. Essentially this was teaching idiomatic and colloquial language. This was possibly the weakest part of my work. I did a dictogloss that told a story but this was riddled with unfamiliar idioms, and lacked context. It needed a series of pictures, a movie, or a broader context to offer support. This was also weak due to the nature of this language. How often will these guys, or their students use 'pop your clogs' for example....It was quite fun, they liked the quiz, drawing, and the other recycling activities, but I think whether or not to actually these language items needs reconsidering.
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The final section on teaching and learning was enjoyable, and motivating. The teachers were complementary about how I managed their participation, and varied the interaction. However, when asked to reflect on how doable these techniques / activities were in their context, the answers were usually negative. Also, in this section there could have been a journal keeping task, with prompts for response to. This could link to student journals and how to manage and encourage constant reflection on learning.
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It was an absolute privilege and I look forward to working in China, one day.
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4303668407065083437.post-50186168407495788142011-07-27T19:01:00.001+03:002011-07-29T20:52:18.348+03:00Working with faculty from the Arab Open University / الجامعة العربية المفتوحة/<img 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" 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" alt="" /><img style="width: 178px; height: 121px;" 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" alt="" /><br /><br />The Lebanon is one of a handful of countries that takes the definite article in English. The Congo, the US (although we don't usually write it). I was reminded of this by the teachers who I was working with there. We were discussing common Arab English 'mistakes' and over use of 'the' is one of them. The Britain, the Syria and the Lebanon. It is also the case for days of the week in Arabic, which are the Monday, the Tuesday etc...Anyway, I was reminded of <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QEsRYkRpySY">this song </a>by the human league. And, the accusatory / generalizing tone when people use the definite article before the nationality the English are...., the Lebanese are.... though I sometime fall into this trap I am consciously trying to avoid it!<br /><br />On the plane from Riga I sat with two returning members of the vast Lebanese diaspora who told me that (the) Lebanon was the best country in the world. I have heard this kind of talk from a few Lebanese students too, Lebanese food is the best, Lebanese women the most beautiful (for more on Lebanese women by a Lebanese woman, see <a href="http://betlz.blogspot.com/2010/04/lebanese-girls-most-beautiful-or.html">here</a>). I retorted that no 'regular' English / British person would make such bold claims. That said, I am quite far removed from the UK and given the links between the English Defense League and that Norwegian Terrorist you never know. Just then I fell into a classic liberal trap which is associating patriotism and nationalism. Admittedly, it is difficult for me to disassociate the two, and I wish I could be a patriot. I probably am one secretly. The flight, via Riga, was fine, and I was fresh and ready on Monday to start the course.<br /><br />I was well prepared but the teachers I worked with for the week were highly experience and well qualified teachers were more experienced and better qualified than me. They had MAs and PHDs coming out of their ears! However, they needed to learn about the IELTS exam as they are planning to introduce it to their university context as a minimum exit criteria, and it is something I have experience of from a variety of perspectives, mwah the power!!!<br /><br />In many ways it was great to be back in the Levant. The weather was riotously good, the food good, the people still generally amenable (though Manchester folk seem very nice, more on this soon). I still have my reservations about the prevalent culture of 'maiding', amongst the wealthy. One guy I spoke to compared life in the states to life in Beirut: " here I can have two cars and two maids. In the States life is hard". Beirut Bill also wrote briefly on this <a href="http://beirutbill.blogspot.com/2011/06/depressing-exchange.html">here</a>.<br /><br />Having four participants in a workshop perhaps adds demands, and though I did set up some pair work we usually worked en-masse around a big board room style table. Each day was devoted to a skill with the Friday planned to be used for more general Academic English and professional development content. However, I must have eaten something bad during the week so had to bail out halfway through the last day which was really embarrassing, but i was very unwell...The participants were kind enough to drive me back to the hotel which was sweet, but god I was rough!<br /><br />We had a few jokes through the week, mostly to do with my poor Arabic (Syrian Fus-ha) pronunciation. The 5 hours on teaching writing was a bit tough going, it could have been this or the fact that it was midweek, the volume of experience, it's unclear. Anyway, the participants did well considering some of them were working and attending the training, and others attending in their holidays. Thanks for all the effort.<br /><br />For me I learnt, among other things:<br /><ul><li>not everyone with a role in language teaching speaks 'TEFL', some speak pedagogy or applied linguistics. The meaning of key terms to describe teaching and learning needs to be established and shared in order to make accurate distinctions between terms and actions.<br /></li><li>the need to develop as a facilitator of discussions. I struggled at times to deal with the enthusiasm of the participants. Open prompts do this, I perhaps should record a session to analyse what went on and where I lost control. Did I need control at all?<br /></li><li>giving academic articles to academics is a good idea that was well received. IELTS themselves commission alot of research and there are also many critical voices too.</li></ul>Overall it was a positive week (until I got sick), I hope it was for the participants too. Drop me a line of feedback if you read this, it would be great to have your input into my development. I would also love to know how the IELTS project went a the AOU. Thanks for reading. More on my 'new' role in Manchester soon.Unknownnoreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4303668407065083437.post-77016497620668256952011-06-30T14:34:00.000+03:002011-06-30T14:51:16.300+03:00My TEFL existential Identity crisis<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-rk4sChOR3OQ/TgxiwPHsLQI/AAAAAAAAAHE/QQjLQoExZ-4/s1600/HPIM4623.JPG"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 241px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-rk4sChOR3OQ/TgxiwPHsLQI/AAAAAAAAAHE/QQjLQoExZ-4/s320/HPIM4623.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5623978615510936834" border="0" /></a>Over recent weeks there has been a thread picked up on by David Dogson, Isil Boy and my other colleagues at the University of Manchester, that of having a ten years in ELT crisis. This is not a new phenomenon, and has been reported, though I can't find the reference right now, (help please!?). David and I share among other things, the MA, beard wearing, a similar age, and length of time in the TEFL field. His “being a reflective teacher is good enough” rings in my ears still as an almost axiom-like statement of the times. Yet I see him as being more than just that. He has more than 'reflective teacher' labels associated with 'his online brand': he's that great guy with the beard, and the nice blog. Yes, that one. I wonder how I am constructed in the minds of others, what labels I am associated with. Perhaps I am suffering from web traffic envy. Not that how other people construct me is the be and end all, I need to know and be true to 'me' too. <p style="margin-bottom: 0.35cm; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%; widows: 2; orphans: 2; text-decoration: none" align="LEFT"><br /><br /></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.35cm; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%; widows: 2; orphans: 2; text-decoration: none" align="LEFT"> Apart from the problem of wanting to be seen to be something. Another issue is that I am interested in sooo many things linked to our profession. I feel like my crisis is a bit about having too much choice. I want to do educational psychology, intercultural stuff, educational technology stuff, teacher educate, and so on. I want to be special.<br /></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.35cm; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%; widows: 2; orphans: 2; text-decoration: none" align="LEFT"><br /><br /></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.35cm; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%; widows: 2; orphans: 2; text-decoration: none" align="LEFT"> Another problem is that it doesn't appear clear if the risk of specialising is worth it. I don't know how TEFL's big names achieved their successes, and knowing this might ease my mind. I don't have a mentor, so rely on spurious facts gained from biographys in book introductions and the like. From this I sometimes am able to get a fix on how they have managed their careers. I wonder how they dealt with financial, personal, existential, and motivational issues in their careers. Evolving as a professional is important to me, but I wonder at what cost this will come at.<br /></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.35cm; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%; widows: 2; orphans: 2; text-decoration: none" align="LEFT"><br /><br /></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.35cm; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%; widows: 2; orphans: 2; text-decoration: none;" align="LEFT"> Equally I feel my recent unemployed circumstances haven't helped this and have left me in the doldrums slightly. At the same time this period afforded me plenty of time for reading and reflection on my MA module on the education of language teachers module. This time and reading enabled me to pursue this specialisation. I have had a good few months in this respect with presentations for educators at ISTEK, Istanbul, online on the virtual round table, at ATEL's 14<sup>th</sup> ELT conference, Beirut. I go back to Lebanon next week for a week's teacher training work and have some work at the university of Manchester with some Chinese teachers too. This is all great, and a sign that my 'public' emergence as a teacher-educator is under way.<br /></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0.35cm; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%; widows: 2; orphans: 2; text-decoration: none;" align="LEFT"><br /></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0.35cm; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%; widows: 2; orphans: 2; text-decoration: none" align="LEFT"><br /></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.35cm; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%; widows: 2; orphans: 2; text-decoration: none" align="LEFT"> </p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.35cm; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%; widows: 2; orphans: 2; text-decoration: none" align="LEFT"> This idea of specialisation came out of a discussion with a very experienced EFL and management-head in Damascus. He was saying that the best thing he did was specialise. For him, this meant a move away from straight up EFL teaching, and towards business English. This was in the 1970s when ESP of any kind was perhaps fairly novel. From this he became one of the best, one of a few 'go to people', called in when they (clients, BC, IH, whoever) need a specialist ELT and management. I quite want to find myself in a position like this.</p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.35cm; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%; widows: 2; orphans: 2; text-decoration: none" align="LEFT"><br /><br /></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.35cm; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%; widows: 2; orphans: 2; text-decoration: none" align="LEFT"> I feel reassured by Gary's comments on my previous post, his re-framing of specialisation to specialisation<b style="font-style: italic;">s </b>is helpful. The idea that a number of incarnations are possible is a hopeful one. This leaves open the door to me being a teacher educator, and an inter-cultural guy, and, and, and over the next 30-40 years of work. It's a relief to know that I don't have to choose a thing and stick with it, at least. On the other hand each specialisation involves just that, and becoming a highly knowledgeable, go-to person involves lots of graft, reflection, practice and time.<br /></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4303668407065083437.post-51030274394357350982011-06-17T00:55:00.000+03:002011-06-23T14:52:46.415+03:00Not a gay girl in DamascusIt is a good feeling to have left. I feel relieved, even the nights before going to the airpot I was still nervous about potential stresses that I may encounter leaving and had been having bad dreams about being strip searched, wholey unpleasant. I guess this was my unconscious playing out much of the paranoia that comes when you live in a state, on security lock down.<br /><br />Damascus, especially downtown where we lived, remained largely 'free' from the "anti". Pro-Assad moving demos littered Damascus over many evenings at the start of the 'reported disturbances' and more recently began again with renewed gusto. None of these manifestations seemed threataning nor the security response, but the reported crowd control tactics of the goverment forces made me not want to be anywhere near any large gathering.<br /><br /><br />My paranoia is, I think, easy to understand. The internet was messed around with, was up and down like pants in a swimming pool changing room. Sites like twitter, facebook and youtube seemed to be the most effected. This combined with travel advice that we shouldn't leave the city, as it wasn't safe, and the (self-imposed) Friday afternoon curfew meant freedom of movement was curtailed. We saw the army and plain clothes mahrabat, or others preparing for their Friday trips out, all excitied like school boys on a school trip, banging their maces / battons into their, sometimes gloved, hands.<br /><br /><br />We didn't know any locals well enough to expect much opinion other than an expression of reverence for Bashar alAssad. There were a handful of people who understood that I was no threat, and shared something alternative to this. Anyway, in this context where there was a lack of reliable information, I was uncertain of trusting western media as they weren't in the country, or the state's offering, this meant clouds of uncertainty hung. The cumulative effect was fogging and suffocating. I didn't know nuffink. I couldn't go nowhere, outside downtown Damas. We woz a bit trapped. But it was a nice trap, I liked Syrian people, the warm weather, playing rugby, starting to learn arabic, the cost of food and living (rent aside) was cheap.<br /><br /><br />Back in blighty now, doing the family tour. More on Syria, my TEFLer existential crisis, and the UK soon. I am a slightly unwell, straight, thirty-something man in Sussex, not a gay girl in Damascus.Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0